The development of new energy vehicles is the only way for China to move from an automobile power to an automobile power. Since the State Council issued and implemented the Development Plan for Energy Saving and New Energy Vehicle Industry (2012-2020) in 2012, China's new energy vehicle industry has made remarkable achievements and become an important force leading the transformation of the world's automobile industry. At present, a new round of global scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is booming, and the integration of automobile and energy, transportation, information and communication and other fields is accelerating, and profound changes have taken place in the form of automobile products, transportation mode, energy consumption structure and social operation mode. The new energy automobile industry is facing unprecedented development opportunities. This plan is formulated to promote the high-quality development of the new energy automobile industry and accelerate the construction of an automobile power. The planning period is 2021-2035.
Chapter I Development Trend
Section I New energy vehicles inject new energy into the development of the world economy
Electrification, networking, intelligence and sharing are becoming the development trend of the automobile industry. New energy vehicles integrate new energy, new materials and Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and other revolutionary technologies, promote the transformation of vehicles from simple means of transportation to mobile intelligent terminals, energy storage units and digital space, drive the transformation of energy transportation and information communication infrastructure, effectively promote the optimization of energy consumption structure, intelligent transportation system and smart city construction, and have broad market prospects and huge growth potential. In recent years, major automobile countries have strengthened strategic planning and policy support, and multinational automobile enterprises have successively increased investment in research and development and improved industrial layout. New energy vehicles have become an important engine for the transformation and development of the global automobile industry to promote the sustainable growth of the world economy in the future.
Section 2 China's new energy vehicles enter a new stage of accelerated development
After years of continuous efforts, China's new energy automobile industry has significantly improved its technical level, improved its industrial system, and greatly enhanced its competitiveness. Its production, sales, and ownership have ranked the first in the world for four consecutive years, and its electrification has ranked the top in the world. The development of networking and intelligence has a strong momentum. The shared application market is emerging, and the industry has entered a new stage of overlapping and integrated development. At the same time, China's new energy vehicles are also facing new situations and problems, such as increasing market competition, the urgent need to transform the development momentum, the insufficient supply of core technologies, and the imperfect industrial ecology. We must seize the strategic opportunity, consolidate the good momentum, give full play to the advantages of infrastructure, information and communication and other fields, constantly improve the core competitiveness of the industry, and promote the high-quality and sustainable development of the new energy vehicle industry.
Section III Integration and opening up become the new feature of the development of new energy vehicles
With the comprehensive transformation of the power source, production and operation mode and consumption and use mode of the automobile industry, the ecology of the new energy automobile industry is gradually evolving from the "chain relationship" between parts, vehicle R&D, production and marketing service enterprises into a "network ecosystem" involving multiple subjects in the fields of automobile, energy, transportation, information and communication. Mutual empowerment and coordinated development have become the internal demand for the development and expansion of various market entities. Cross-industry and cross-field integration and innovation and more open and inclusive international cooperation have become the characteristics of the era of the development of the new energy automobile industry, which has greatly enhanced the power of industrial development, stimulated market vitality, and promoted the formation of a new pattern of industrial development featuring mutual integration, symbiosis and win-win cooperation.
Chapter II Overall Deployment
Section I General idea
  Improve the industrial infrastructure, build a new industrial ecology, improve the infrastructure system, optimize the industrial development environment, promote the high-quality development of China's new energy automobile industry, and realize the automobile industry from big to strong.
Section 2 Basic Principles
Market leading. Give full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources, strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in the selection of technological routes, product capacity layout and other aspects, better play the important role of the government in the formulation of regulations and standards, green safety supervision, market order maintenance and other aspects, and create a good industrial development environment.
Innovation-driven. Deeply implement the innovation-driven development strategy, strengthen the cooperation between industry, university, research and application, establish a market-oriented technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, encourage business model innovation, improve the institutional environment for encouraging and protecting innovation, and build a new industrial innovation ecosystem.
Coordinated promotion. Strengthen the coordination of departments, promote the deep integration of new energy vehicles with energy, transportation, information and communication, comprehensively promote technology research and development, standard formulation, promotion and application, and infrastructure construction, establish a coordination and promotion mechanism of horizontal coordination and vertical connection, and transform institutional advantages and market advantages into industrial advantages.
Development for global progress. Practice the cooperation concept of openness, accommodation, mutual benefit and win-win results, implement the timetable and road map for the opening up of the automotive sector, expand high-level opening up, deepen international cooperation in industries, improve the ability of enterprises to internationalize and standardize operations, and accelerate the integration into the global market.
Section III Development Vision
Strive to achieve major breakthroughs in key core technologies of new energy vehicles, coordinated and efficient integration and development, sound and complete industrial ecology, mainstream pure electric passenger vehicles, large-scale application of fuel cell commercial vehicles, popularization of highly autonomous intelligent networked vehicles, and China's entry into the ranks of the world's automobile power.
By 2025, the market competitiveness of new energy vehicles will be significantly improved, with the sales volume accounting for 25% of the total sales volume of the year, and the sales volume of conditionally autonomous intelligent networked vehicles accounting for 30%. The highly autonomous intelligent networked vehicles will achieve commercial application in a limited area. The average fuel consumption of new passenger vehicles will be reduced to 4.0L/100km, and the average power consumption of new energy passenger vehicles will be reduced to 11.0kW/100km.  [3] 
By 2030, new energy vehicles will form a competitive advantage in the market, with sales accounting for 40% of the total sales of vehicles in that year, and the sales of conditional automatic driving intelligent networked vehicles accounting for 70%. Highly automatic driving intelligent networked vehicles will be widely used on expressways, and will be scaled up in some urban roads. The energy consumption of new vehicles will reach the world's advanced level.
Chapter III Improving the ability of technological innovation
We should pay equal attention to the technological innovation of complete vehicles and parts, strengthen the supply of key common technologies, optimize the innovation and development environment, promote the parallel and integrated development of electrification, networking and intelligent technologies, and continue to improve the innovation capacity of the new energy vehicle industry.
Section I Deepen the "three vertical and three horizontal" R&D layout
Strengthen the technological innovation of vehicle integration. Take pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles as the "three vertical", and lay out the whole vehicle technology innovation chain. Research and develop a new generation of modular high-performance vehicle platform, tackle the integrated design of pure electric vehicle chassis and multi-energy power system integration technology, break through the common energy-saving technologies such as intelligent energy management and control, lightweight, low friction, and improve the comprehensive performance of new energy vehicles.
Breakthrough key parts technology. With power battery and management system, drive motor and power electronics, networking and intelligent technology as the "three horizontal", build the key parts technology supply system. Carry out technical research on advanced modular power cell and fuel cell system, explore solutions for next-generation vehicle motor drive system, strengthen the development of key components, parts and systems of intelligent Internet connection, break through the technical bottlenecks of computing basic platform and cloud control basic platform, and provide support for integrated innovation of the whole vehicle.
Column 1: New energy vehicle core technology breakthrough project
Implement the breakthrough action of power battery technology. Carry out prospective technical research on the key links such as positive and negative electrode materials, electrolyte, diaphragm, etc., strengthen the technical research on the short plates of power cells and fuel cell systems with high strength, lightweight, high safety, low cost and long life, and accelerate the research and development and industrialization of all-solid-state power cell technology.
Implement the intelligent networking technology innovation project. Support the cross-border collaboration of enterprises, research and develop key technologies such as complex environment fusion perception, intelligent Internet connection decision control, complex system reconstruction design, intelligent Internet connection security and multimodal evaluation and testing, and break through core technologies and products such as computing platform, cloud control platform, high-precision map and positioning, V2X (vehicle and external information interaction), key sensors, intelligent vehicle terminal, and wire control execution system.
Implement the basic technology improvement project of new energy vehicles. Accelerate breakthroughs in key technologies and products such as vehicle-level chips, vehicle-mounted operating systems, new electronic and electrical architectures, efficient and high-density drive motor systems, and support the R&D and innovation of basic common technologies such as basic components, key production equipment, high-end test instruments, development tools, high-performance automatic detection equipment, and carry out high-strength steel, high-performance aluminum alloy, fiber reinforced composite materials Industrialization of key lightweight materials for vehicles, such as engineering plastics, synthetic rubber and products.
Section 2 Accelerate the construction of a common technological innovation platform
We will further improve the market-oriented operation mechanism of manufacturing innovation centers such as power batteries and intelligent networked vehicles, focus on the research and development of key common technologies in the industry, focus on breaking through the weaknesses of core processes, special materials and equipment, standards and testing involved in the industrialization process, and improve the capabilities of enterprises in the service industry. We will guide cross-field cooperation in automobile, energy, transportation, information and communication, establish an innovative platform for the integration of new energy vehicles, smart energy and intelligent transportation for future travel, jointly tackle key technologies of basic cross-cutting, and improve the innovative capacity of new energy vehicles and related industries.
Section III Improve the public service capacity of the industry
Relying on industry institutions to promote the co-construction and sharing of various innovative service platforms, such as resource sharing, scientific and technological intermediary, and achievement transformation, and improve the supporting capacity of public services, such as technology transfer, information services, talent training, project financing, and international exchange. Apply virtual reality, big data, artificial intelligence and other technologies to establish a vehicle electrification, networking, intelligent virtual simulation, test and verification platform, and improve the test and evaluation ability of the whole component.
Section IV Strengthen human resources and intellectual property protection
Innovate talent training methods and incentive mechanisms. We will accelerate the establishment of a talent training system that meets the needs of industrial integration and development, compile a catalog of talents in short supply in the industry, optimize the discipline layout in key fields, and guide universities, scientific research institutes and enterprises to increase the strength of international talent training. Carry forward the spirit of entrepreneurship and craftsmanship, optimize the talent evaluation mechanism, establish a positive incentive orientation, implement diversified incentive measures such as equity and options, and enhance the vitality and motivation of innovation.
Strengthen the creation, protection and application of intellectual property. Deeply implement the national intellectual property strategy and encourage scientific researchers to develop high-value core intellectual property achievements in the field of new energy vehicles. We will strictly implement the intellectual property protection system and strengthen the enforcement and crackdown on infringement. Build a new energy vehicle intellectual property operation service system, strengthen the construction of patent application and transformation platform, and establish a mutually beneficial and win-win patent operation mode.
Chapter IV Building a New Industrial Ecology
Focusing on the whole value chain links such as the research and development, manufacturing and service of new energy vehicles, taking the eco-leading enterprises as the leaders, and the innovative application of key systems as the traction, optimize the development environment, and promote the formation of a new industrial ecology featuring mutual integration and symbiosis, division of labor and cooperation, and benefit sharing.
Section I Cultivate ecological leading enterprises
We will encourage enterprises in the fields of new energy vehicles, energy, transportation, information and communication to collaborate across borders, and build eco-leading enterprises covering key links of the industrial chain such as solutions, R&D and production, and operation services, focusing on diversified production and application needs, through open cooperation and benefit sharing. In areas with good industrial foundation and high concentration of innovation factors, support leading enterprises to drive the coordinated development of upstream and downstream enterprises in the industry, build industrial clusters with efficient cooperation and common development, and improve the level of industrial chain. By 2025, 2-3 new energy automobile industrial clusters with international competitiveness will be formed.
Section II Promote innovative application of key systems
Accelerate the development and application of on-board operating system. Guided by the needs of vehicle enterprises, we will give play to the role of leading enterprises and national manufacturing innovation centers and other innovation platforms, adhere to the cooperation of hardware and software, and focus on the development of vehicle-level vehicle-mounted operating systems. Build a development and application ecosystem of in-depth cooperation between market entities such as complete vehicles, key parts, basic data and software around the vehicle operating system. Through rapid product iteration, expand the scale of users and accelerate the industrial application of on-board operating system.
Promote the development of the whole value chain of power battery. Optimize the industrial organization structure and increase the industrial concentration. Encourage qualified enterprises to improve the guarantee capacity of lithium, nickel, cobalt, platinum and other key resources. Establish and improve the modular standard system of power battery, accelerate the breakthrough of key manufacturing equipment, and improve the technological level and production efficiency. We will improve the multi-level and multi-purpose recycling system for power batteries and encourage joint construction of common recycling channels. Establish and improve the management system of power battery transportation and storage, repair and maintenance, safety inspection, scrapping and withdrawal, and strengthen the supervision of the whole life cycle.
Column 2: Ecological construction action of new vehicle-mounted operating system
Encourage enterprises in the fields of vehicle and parts, internet, electronic information, communication, etc. to form alliances, take the development and application of new on-board operating systems as the core, improve the security, reliability and convenience of operating systems and applications through iterative upgrading, expand the application scale, and form a good ecosystem of open sharing and collaborative evolution.
Section 3 Create a good policy environment
We will deepen the reform of industry management. We will relax market access, strengthen supervision during and after the event, and establish a multi-sectoral and cross-regional credit linkage reward and punishment mechanism. Implement inclusive and prudent supervision, establish a new technology exemption mechanism, and promote the healthy and orderly development of new business forms and models. Eliminate local protection and establish a unified, open and fair market system.
Improve energy efficiency management policies. Based on energy efficiency standards, establish a unified evaluation system for new energy vehicles and internal combustion engine vehicles, improve the automobile tax system, and encourage energy conservation and consumption of new energy vehicles. We will improve the parallel management of the average fuel consumption of enterprises and new energy vehicle credits, and establish a linkage mechanism with the carbon trading market.
Improve the security system for safe operation. Carry out research on safety technology of complete vehicles and parts, and accelerate the development of new safety standards such as functional safety. We will improve the safety production mechanism that combines enterprise responsibility, government supervision, industry self-discipline and social supervision, implement the safety production responsibility, and strengthen the supervision and management of safety production.
Chapter V Promote the integrated development of industries
Strengthen overall planning and coordination, strengthen the docking of standards, improve the regulatory system, promote the comprehensive and in-depth integration of smart energy, intelligent transportation, new generation of information and communication and new energy vehicles, and build a new pattern of industrial coordinated development.
Section I Promote the integrated development of new energy vehicles and energy
Strengthen the two-way energy interaction between new energy vehicles and the power grid. We will strengthen technical research on high cycle life power batteries and promote the construction and upgrading of flexible distribution networks. Overall planning of charging and discharging of new energy vehicles and power dispatching needs, comprehensive use of policy and economic means to achieve two-way energy efficient interaction between new energy vehicles and the power grid, reduce the cost of power consumption of new energy vehicles, and improve the response capacity of power grid peak shaving, frequency modulation and safety emergency.
Promote the integrated development of new energy vehicles and renewable energy. We will encourage the comprehensive utilization of clean energy and the construction of "optical storage charging and discharging" (distributed photovoltaic - energy storage system - charging and discharging) multi-functional integrated station, promote the information sharing and integration of new energy vehicles and meteorological, renewable energy power forecasting and forecasting systems, strengthen the coordinated scheduling of new energy vehicle charging, hydrogen generation and wind power photovoltaic, and gradually increase the proportion of renewable energy for vehicles.
Section II Promote the integrated development of new energy vehicles and transportation
Promote the development of integrated smart travel services. Accelerate the construction of a new intelligent traffic control system covering front-end information collection, edge distributed computing, and cloud centralized control. Increase the number of new energy vehicles in time-sharing leasing, urban public transport, road passenger transport and taxi